Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are the most important factors of absent from work, increased costs and human damages experienced by workers. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders of nurses in Al-Zahra hospital and the effect of eight-week selected corrective exercises and ergonomic interventions on them.Methods: Nordic questionnaire was used for studying the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders; also, for checking risk exposure of musculoskeletal disorders in 6 occupational tasks, quick exposure check (QEC) was applied. Nordic questionnaire was distributed among 216 nurses; 29 out of them were suffering from musculoskeletal disorders who were identified and participated as final samples in the selected corrective exercise and ergonomic interventions for 8 weeks.Findings: The most frequent musculoskeletal disorders were in the following order: lumbar disorders 64.4%, knee pain 51.4%, neck problems 48.6%, shoulder pain 43.5%, wrist disorders 40.7%, lower back pain 29.6%, foot and ankle problems 29.2%, thigh pain 24.5% and finally, elbow pain 15.3%. According to the QEC score, 89% of the tasks of nurses were in high or very high level risk. Scores of QEC in different surveillance techniques showed that among the other tasks, the highest score was allocated to patients transfer (more than 70%). In other words, with respect to the risk level, it was on the very high level and corrective exercises had to be enforced immediately. Having done exercises for eight weeks and ergonomic interventions, patients found a significant improvement in lumbar, shoulder, neck and wrist/hand disorders (P<0.05); i.e.,, neck (63.3%), lumbar (50%), shoulder (61.5%) and wrist pains (55.5%) were relieved.Conclusion: In conclusion, the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in the nurses studied was relatively high. The corrective exercises applied for nurses reduced the severity and prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. Then, correction of patients transfer and improving conditions to move up patients are recommended.

Background: Lordosis is a curvature in the posterior of vertebral column. Loss of normal lordotic alignment may induce pathologic changes in the spine from load bearing and accelerate degeneration of the functional motion units. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of the corrective exercises of the National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) and Pilates on the correction of lumbar lordosis among female high school students. Methods: In this experimental study, conducted in 2018, 45 female high school students suffering from lumbar lordosis were randomly selected from Golestan Province and divided into three groups of NASM corrective exercises, Pilates exercises and control. The two intervention groups received corrective exercises for eight weeks, the angle of lordosis was measured prior to and following the intervention, and the analysis of variance was used at a significant level of P<0. 05. Results: The results showed that both 8-week corrective NASM (P=0. 03) and 8-week Pilates exercises (P=0. 01) had a significant effect on the angle of lumbar lordosis. However, no significant differences were observed in the control group in this regard (P=0. 7). Moreover, according to ANOVA test, there were no significant differences among the three groups regarding lordosis angle prior to the intervention (P=0. 13 and F=2. 14). Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the lumbar lordosis angle decreased in both NASM and Pilates exercises groups following the intervention, with NASM exercises resulting in more reduction in the lumbar curvature compared with Pilates exercises. Therefore, therapists and experts of corrective movements can make use of these exercises as novel approaches to correcting lordosis.

The maintenance of static and dynamic posture is dependant on normal function of muscle - bone - joint system (MBJ). In the other hand, the physiological function can be defected due to postural abnormalities. Kyphosis, or excessive curvature of the thoracic spine is one of the most prevalent spinal deformities. It seems that this deformity in addition to a reduction of mechanical efficiency of the body, also has undesirable effects on the respiratory system. The purpose of the study was to investigate the kyphos, is fluctuation and vital capacity following a corrective exercise program. Flexible ruler with reliability of 87% in comparison to X-ray technique measured the subjects, angle of kyphosis (n=364). 15 male students (aged between 16.47 and 1.06yrs) were selected non - randomly to participate in the exercise. Digital spirometer measured the vital capacities of the subjects. Corrective exercise protocol for improving kyphosis was performed during the weeks / 3 sessions per week. The data were analyzed using t-student and the analysis regression. Corrective exercise program has significant effect on reduction of kyphosis's degree and vital capacity (P≤0.05). There was a significant relationship in pre - tests and post-tests between angle of kyphosis and vital capacity of the subjects (P≤0.05).Also, the results of the regression showed the relationship between degree of kyphosis and the vital capacity. The findings not only indicated the prevalence of kyphosis among students, it also emphasized the reliability and significance of applying feasible, accurate, available, and non - invasive methods of corrective exercise on improvement of postural deformities.

Background and Aims In Genu varum (GV) deformity, the knees get away from each other, inner ankles touch each other, and the knees have a bowed look. The increase of the GV deformity can increase the internal rotation of the ankle and tibia during the stance phase of walking. One of the methods for correcting this deformity is the use of exercises. This study aims to review the corrective exercise protocols for people with GV deformity.Methods This is a narrative review study. A search was conducted in national and international databases and engines such as MagIran, SID, Semantak, Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer, and ScienceDirect for related articles published from 2013 to 2023 using the keywords “corrective exercise”, “genu varum”, “protocol”, “Q angle”. Based on the inclusion criteria, 14 articles were finally selected.Results These studies investigated the effect of corrective exercise protocols on genu varum, dynamic balance, knee adduction moment, gait patterns, plantar pressure and pain in the second to fifth toes and knee, which led to the improvement of all the mentioned factors. Some effective protocols included the National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) exercises, strengthening/stretching exercises, theraband exercises, neuromuscular training, corrective exercise continuum (CEC), and strengthening/neuromuscular training.Conclusion Various exercises are used to correct the GV deformity including NASM exercises, CEC, and theraband exercises.

Body posture in children has been a focus of research for decades. Posture refers to the way the human body is positioned against the force of gravity. When musculoskeletal structures are still developing during childhood, establishing good postural habits is crucial for long-term health [1]. Studies have shown that good posture is associated with appropriate physical performance in children. For example, research indicates a correlation between good posture and improved athletic performance.

Background and aims: Due to the need to recognize musculoskeletal disorders in workers to improve their health as a large part of the working capital of our country and shortages in studies which provide solutions to improve these problems, the present study was aimed to assess the effect of corrective exercises on musculoskeletal disorders in workers in Khoram Abad city for providing solutions to improve these disorders in 2012.Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, the statistical population was male workers in industrial centers 1 and 2 in Khoram Abad.320 workers were studied in the initial evaluation. According to the inclusion criteria, 196 workers were eligible to enter the study and responded to questionnaire questions. The data collection scale was a standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Disorders questionnaire. Corrective plan of disorders was performed by a physical training expert according to detected abnormalities (113 cases). Corrective exercises in the stretching and strengthening manners performed at 24 sessions in 8 weeks.Results: 113 workers had a pain history in their extremities and musculoskeletal members and they had no previous disease history.58% of workers were with musculoskeletal disorders at least in one of the nine areas of their body which the most prevalence was in areas: lumbar (31.6), neck (19.8) shoulder (29.5), and knee (17.8). A significant reduction was seen in all nine regions after intervention (P<0.05).Conclusion: Corrective exercises reduce pain and musculoskeletal problems in workers.

Aims and background: Sciatica pain is one of the most costly disorders for society in terms of quality of life and disability. The purpose of this research is evaluating the effect of selected corrective exercises on the pain of the sciatic nerve of athletes. Materials and methods: The statistical population of this research was made up of 30 athletic students of Arak University with a history of sciatica pain and medical records. The participants in this research were selected from students with sciatica pain who were approved by physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists and was eligible to enter the research. And the subjects were randomly divided into two control (15 people) and experimental (15 people) groups. People with sciatica pain were in the age range of 18-30 years. Results: Based on the results of the t-test, it was found that the selected corrective exercises led to a decrease in the intensity of sciatica pain in training group compared to the control group (p<0. 05). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that the selected corrective exercises lead to a reduction in the intensity of pain in athletes with sciatica pain, and corrective exercises can be used as a simple and accessible protocol for the treatment of this pain.